Desktop is the first interface that we encounter as soon as we start the computer system that displays different icons, taskbar, and the sidebar through which we can get access to different programs and features of the computer system.
The following are different elements of Desktop:
Icons
Icons are the graphical representation of different programs files and folders by clicking on which we can get access into them.
Taskbar
Taskbar is the horizontal bar that generally appears at the bottom of the desktop. It contains the start button, date and time information, list of currently running programs and the quick launch toolbar. It stores different task and the shortcut to different programs and features. Though it appears at the bottom by default its position can be changed to either of the sides as per our wish.
Different elements of the taskbar:
Start button:
It is the round interactive button at the left side of the taskbar with the picture of windows that provides access to all programs files and folders within the computer. It displays a pop-up menu when clicked on it which provides link (path) to different programs and features, files and folders within the computer.
Quick Launch toolbar
The quick launch toolbar is one of the toolbar contained in the taskbar that stores the shortcut to different programs, files and folders which executes in a single click. Any programs can be placed in the quick launch toolbar that must be frequently used.
Note: The programs or files that we are currently using are stored at the taskbar in minimized form.
Windows Sidebar
The windows sidebar is an interesting feature of the windows vista black edition that provides many useful gadgets like Watch, Memory and speed details, converter (temperature, length etc.) and other different features by which we can perform our task more easily and efficiently. It appears at the right side of the desktop.
How to start a Computer
Starting a computer is as simple as to turn on the Television or other electronic devices.
First of all plug in all the devices (Monitor, CPU, speaker and other peripherials)
Turn on the power supply
Switch on the monitor and CPU and wait for a moment
Supply password if it asks for
Now, you get your computer open with the desktop on the screen.
Turning off a computer
Do never close a computer directly by pressing the power button or by turning the power off. It may cause damage to the computer hardware or loss of different files and programs. Strictly follow the following steps to safely close a computer.
Click on start button at the taskbar.
Then click on Shut Down command displayed in the start menu
From the Shut Down dialog box select
Shut down to close the entire program and turn off the computer.
Restart to turn off the computer and start automatically.(Re-boot)
Log off to close all the programs and go to the log on screen
Switch Users go to log on screen without closing the programs
Lock lock the computer
Sleep to turn the computer in low power state
Window
Any files, folders or other program that we open on the computer opens in a different window. A window is a rectangular box that appears when we open different files and folders. It contains information on different matters. A window normally looks like this.
Files
A file is the collection of related data items (text, pictures or other document) that has a certain name and acts as a unit. Every file must have a name e.g. abc.doc, main.xls. A filename contains two sections. The first one is its primary name which may contain up to 255 characters and the second one is its extension (The extension name varies according to the program the file is related with), which may contain 3-4 characters. Some valid file names are ram.txt, 11.mdb, photo.psd etc.
Folder
A folder is the collection of many different files. A folder also may contain other sub folders in it. It also must necessarily have a name but unlike file it has only one segment.
Creating your own folder
Click the right mouse button on the blank space of the desktop or any folder
From the pop-up menu appeared select New option
Further select the Folder option
Give your required name to the folder
Press enter
There you get your folder created
Opening different files and folders
Select the file or folder to be opened and press Enter
OR
Double click the left mouse button.
Changing Desktop properties
We can change different properties of the desktop (like Background, Screen Saver, Resolution, Themes etc) as per our wish.
Steps:
Click right mouse button on the empty space of the desktop
There you get the following dialog box
Note: Please read the instructions in the dialog box carefully to know about the available options.
Changing System Date and Time
Click over the Date\Time displayed on the right side of the taskbar
Choose Date and time settings.... options from the pop-up information box
From the Date and Time dialog box appeared choose Change Date and time option.
Windows prompts a message through a dialogue box asking permission
Click on continue and set your required date and time
Click on OK.
You get your date and time changed!
Renaming Files or folders
• Select the file or folder to be renamed
• Then press F2 or re-click the same file or folder.
The cursor appears inside the filename
• Delete the old filename and type required name
Then press enter. (You get your file renamed)
Deleting Files or Folders
• Select the file or folder to be deleted
• Then press DEL key or click the right mouse button and select the Delete option from the drop-down menu appeared
You get your file deleted. But the file is not permanently deleted from the computer. All the deleted files and folders are stored in the Recycle Bin. To permanently delete the files or folders we must delete them from the recycle bin too.
Copy
This option is used to temporarily store the files, folders, text or picture of any location in the memory of computer which can later be retrieved. The copied items remain unchanged in the previous location also.
Cut
This option is used to delete the files, folders, text or pictures of any location and temporarily store them in the memory of computer. Those files are not sent to the recycle bin. The cut items must immediately be pasted to the same or another location to retrieve it.
Paste
This option is used to paste the copied or cut items.
Moving Files and Folders from one location to another
We can move the files and folders of the computer in following two ways.
1. Copy.........paste
This option is used to carbon-copy different data items of the computer.
Steps
• Select the item to be moved
• Go to Edit menu or click the right mouse button
• Select Copy command
• Then go to the location where the file or folder is to be moved
• Go to edit menu or click the right mouse button
• Select Paste option
2. Cut...........paste
This option is used to actually move the data items from one location to the another.
Steps
• Select the item to be moved
• Go to Edit menu or click the right mouse button
• Select Cut command
• Then go to the location where the file or folder is to be moved
• Go to edit menu or click the right mouse button
• Select Paste option
Note: The Copy.......Paste option is used to copy the files from one location to another without removing it from the old position but the Cut.......Paste option removes the files from the previous location.
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